ANALISIS HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MERAWAT ANAK HOSPITALISASI
Keywords:
Tingkat Kecemasan, Peran Orang Tua, Hospitalisasi Anak
Abstract
Hospitalisasi anak ketika sakit dapat menimbulkan krisis pada kehidupan
anak. Berbagai kejadian selama anak dihospitalisasi dan berada dalam lingkungan
asing merupakan stressor yang dapat membuat anak menjadi stres. Dampak
hospitalisasi pada anak prasekolah saat dirawat di rumah sakit dapat dilihat dari
perilaku anak diantaranya adalah penolakan yaitu anak menghindar dari situasi
yang membuatnya tertekan dan bersikap tidak kooperatif terhadap petugas. Orang
tua dalam menghadapi anak yang sakit akan timbul rasa kecemasan terhadap
kondisi anak. Peran orang tua sangat dibutuhkan untuk meminimalkan dampak
hospitalisasi. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dan menganalisis
pengaruhkecemasan terhadap peran orang tua dalam perawatan anak hospitalisasi.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi korelasi dengan pendekatan cross
sectional. Uji hipotesis kecemasan orang tua dan peran serta orang tua
menggunakan chi-square. Hasil yang didapatkan terdapat hubungan bermakna
antara kecemasan orang tua dengan peran serta orang tua dalam perawatan anak
hospitalisasi
References
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nurses attitudes regarding mother’s participation in the care of their
hospitalized children. Journal of American Science, 7 (9), 316-327.
Adiningsih. (2006). Hubungan dukungan informasional dengan tingkat
kecemasan anak usia prasekolah di RSUD Banyumas. Jurnal
Keperawatan Soedirman; 1, No. 1.
Ahmann, E. (2002). Promoting positive parenting an annotated bibliography.
Pediatric Nursing. Vol 28, No. 4.
Arysetyono. (2009). Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan orang tua terhadap pola asuh
anak pada masyarakat desa Campurejo Kecamatan Boja Kabupaten
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Bernand, W,K., & Wilson, W.C. (2009). Psychological effects of physical illness
and hospitalization on the child and the family. J.H.K.C. Psych, 3, 9-18.
Casmirah, Rejeki S, Wuryanto E.(2012). Hubungan Kecemasan Orang Tua
dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah Pada Tindakan
Pemasangan Infus di RSUD Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jurnal
Keperawatan FIKKES, Vol 5 No. 2,114 - 123
Chen, W.L. (2005). Nurse’s and parent’s attitudes toward pain management and
parental participation in postoperative care of children, Thesis, Centre for
Reseach, The Queensland University of Technology
Constantin. (2012). What is the role of parent, http://www.lifecho.com. Diakses
tanggal 26 Maret 2012
Coyne, I. (2006a). Disruption of parent participation: nurses’ strategies to manage
parents on children’s wards. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 3150–3158
Coyne, I. (2006b). Children’s experience of hospitalization. Journal of Child
Health Care, 10 (4), 326–336
Davidson, J.E. (2009). Family centered care : meeting the needs of patients
families and helping families adapt to critical illness. Critcare Nurse, 29
(3),28-34
Handayani, R.W., & Puspitasari, N.P. (2008). Pengaruh terapi bermain terhadap
tingkat kooperatif selama menjalani perawatan pada anak usia pra sekolah
(3-5 Tahun) di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan
Surya Medika Yogyakartahttp://www.skripsistikes.wordpress.com
Hallstrom, I., & Elander, G. (2003). Decision-making during hospitalization:
parents’ and children’s involvement. Journal of Clinical Nursing 13, 367–
375
Harrison, M.T. (2009). Family centered pediatric nursing care: state of the
science. Journal Pediatr Nurs. 25(5), 335-343
Herliana, L. (2001). Pengaruh terapi bermain terhadap tingkat kooperatif selama
mengalami perawatan pada anak usia Prasekolah Di IRNA H bangsal
perawatan anak RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Unpublished Skripsi, Program Studi
Ilmu keperawatan FK UGM, Yogyakarta.
Hockenberry, M.J., & Wilson, D. (2007). Wong nursing care of infant and
children. Eight edition, Mosby: Evolve elsevier.
Biyanti Dwi Winarsih, Sri Hartini, Erna Sulistyawati *Analisis Hubungan Tingkat … 87
Imron, M., & Munif, A. (2010). Metodologi penelitian bidang kesehatan. Jakarta:
Sagung Seto.
James, S.R. & Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children : principles &
practice. Third edition. St. Louis : Saunders Elsevier.
Jovan. (2007). Hospitalisasi. http://jovandc.multiply.com. Diakses tanggal 12
Februari 2012
Jennet, J., & Peterson, K. (2002). Stress and young children.
http://www.athealth.com/consumer/disorders/childstress.html Diakses tanggal 20
April 2012.
Kazemi, S., Ghazimoghaddam, K., Besharat, S., Kashani, L. (2012). Music and
anxiety in hospitalized children. Journal of Clinical and diagnostic
reseach. Vol 6(1), 94-96.
Kit-Fong, K.W. (2008). The impact on families with hospitalized children
development of a hospitalization impact and coping scale on families
(HICS). Thesis. School of Nursing. The Hongkong Polytechnic
University.
Kristenson, I., Shields,L., O’Challaghan,M. (2003). An examination of the needs
of parents of hospitalized children: comparing parents’ and staff’s
perceptions. Scand J Caring Sci. 17,176–184
Kozier, B., (2005). Fundamental Nursing, concepts, process and practice. USA:
Philadelpia
Mahnaz, S., Heidari, S., Salemi, S., Rahmani, M., Shoghi, M. (2009).Nursing
support for parents of hospitalized children. Issues in Comprehensive
Pediatric Nursing, 32,120–130
Mariyam, Kurniawan A. (2008). Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan
Tingkat Kecemasan Orang Tua Terkait Hospitalisasi Anak di BRSD RAA
Soewondo Pati, Jurnal Keperawatan FIKKES, Vol. 1 No. 2. 38-56
Morris, J. (2003). When child is hospitalized: tips and resources for parent.
Vanderbit Kennedy Center. http:www.kc@vanderbilt.edu. Diakses
tanggal 25
Potter, P.A., &Perry, A.G., (2005). Fundamental of nursing. Eight edition,
Mosby: Evolve elsevier.
Pressley, T. (2011). An overview of separation phenomenom and the experience
of hospitalization for children. Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry. 37-42.
Romaniuk, D.K. (2010). Congcruency between parents actual and desired
participation in the care of their hospitalized child. Thesis. McMaster
University.
Rudolph. (2003). Rudolph’s pediatric first edition. The Mc. Graw, Hill
Companies.
Salmela M., Salantera S. & Aronen E.T. (2010a). Coping with hospital related
fears: experiences of pre-school-aged children. Journal Of Advanced
Nursing 66 (6), 1222–1231.
Salmela, M. (2010b). Hospital related fears and coping strategies in 4-6 year old
childrens. Dessertation. Medical Faculty of the University of Helsinki.
Small, L., Melnyk, B.M. & Arcoleo,, K.S. (2009). The effects of gender on the
coping outcomes of young children following an unanticipated critical
88 MOTORIK, VOL. 13 NOMOR 26, FEBRUARI 2018
care hospitalization. Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing. 14
(2),112-121.
Smit, E.M., Delpier, T., Tarantino, S.L., & Anderson, M.L. (2006). Caring for
adoptive families: lesson in communication. JournalPediatric Nursing.
32(2),136-143.
Sitanon, T. (2009). Thai parent’s experience of parenting preterm infants during
hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit. Dissertation. University of
Washington.
Stein, R.E.K., Zitner, L.E., and Jensen, P.S. (2008). Interventions for adolescent
depression in primary care. Official Juornal of The American Academy of
Pediatric.118,669-682
Supartini, Y. (2004). Buku ajar konsep dasar keperawatan anak. Jakarta: EGC.
Suriani & Faridah. (2009). Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat
kecemasan hospitalisasi anak usia sekolah di ruamg perawatan anak
Paviliun DII & Paviliun V RS TNI AL Dr. Ramelan Kota Surabaya.
Jurnal Infokes Stikes Insan Unggul Surabaya. 1, 11-20.
Soetrisno, A.L. (2001). Peranan perempuan sebagai health provider dalam rumah
tangga. PPT.LIPI. http://jurnal.ppii.lipi.go.id. Diakses tanggal 3 juli 2012.
Theofanidis, D. (2006). Chronic illness in childhood: psychosocial adaptation and
nursing support for the child and family. Health Science
Journal.http://www.hsj.gr
Tomey, A.M. & Alligood, M.R. (2006). Nursing theorist and their work. Sixth
edition. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby Elsevier.
Wong, D.L., Hockenberry, Marylin J. (2007). Wong’s nursing care of infants and
children. St Louis, Missouri: Mosby Inc.
Ygge, M.B. (2004). Parental involvement in pediatric care implication for clinical
practice and quality of care. Dessertation, departement of public health
and caring sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Wahyunin, E. (2001). Perilaku si kecil berubah tatkala sakit.
http://nostalgia.tabloidnova.com. Diakses 2 Februari 2012
Zannah M, Agustina R, Marlinda E, (2015). Peran Orang Tua terhadap
Kecemasan Anak PAda Saat Pemasangan Infus di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
(IGD) RSUD Banjarbaru, DK, Vol 3 No. 2, 26 –33
nurses attitudes regarding mother’s participation in the care of their
hospitalized children. Journal of American Science, 7 (9), 316-327.
Adiningsih. (2006). Hubungan dukungan informasional dengan tingkat
kecemasan anak usia prasekolah di RSUD Banyumas. Jurnal
Keperawatan Soedirman; 1, No. 1.
Ahmann, E. (2002). Promoting positive parenting an annotated bibliography.
Pediatric Nursing. Vol 28, No. 4.
Arysetyono. (2009). Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan orang tua terhadap pola asuh
anak pada masyarakat desa Campurejo Kecamatan Boja Kabupaten
Kendal, http://arysetyono.wordpress.com. Diakses tanggal 30 Juni 2012.
Bernand, W,K., & Wilson, W.C. (2009). Psychological effects of physical illness
and hospitalization on the child and the family. J.H.K.C. Psych, 3, 9-18.
Casmirah, Rejeki S, Wuryanto E.(2012). Hubungan Kecemasan Orang Tua
dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah Pada Tindakan
Pemasangan Infus di RSUD Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jurnal
Keperawatan FIKKES, Vol 5 No. 2,114 - 123
Chen, W.L. (2005). Nurse’s and parent’s attitudes toward pain management and
parental participation in postoperative care of children, Thesis, Centre for
Reseach, The Queensland University of Technology
Constantin. (2012). What is the role of parent, http://www.lifecho.com. Diakses
tanggal 26 Maret 2012
Coyne, I. (2006a). Disruption of parent participation: nurses’ strategies to manage
parents on children’s wards. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 3150–3158
Coyne, I. (2006b). Children’s experience of hospitalization. Journal of Child
Health Care, 10 (4), 326–336
Davidson, J.E. (2009). Family centered care : meeting the needs of patients
families and helping families adapt to critical illness. Critcare Nurse, 29
(3),28-34
Handayani, R.W., & Puspitasari, N.P. (2008). Pengaruh terapi bermain terhadap
tingkat kooperatif selama menjalani perawatan pada anak usia pra sekolah
(3-5 Tahun) di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan
Surya Medika Yogyakartahttp://www.skripsistikes.wordpress.com
Hallstrom, I., & Elander, G. (2003). Decision-making during hospitalization:
parents’ and children’s involvement. Journal of Clinical Nursing 13, 367–
375
Harrison, M.T. (2009). Family centered pediatric nursing care: state of the
science. Journal Pediatr Nurs. 25(5), 335-343
Herliana, L. (2001). Pengaruh terapi bermain terhadap tingkat kooperatif selama
mengalami perawatan pada anak usia Prasekolah Di IRNA H bangsal
perawatan anak RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Unpublished Skripsi, Program Studi
Ilmu keperawatan FK UGM, Yogyakarta.
Hockenberry, M.J., & Wilson, D. (2007). Wong nursing care of infant and
children. Eight edition, Mosby: Evolve elsevier.
Biyanti Dwi Winarsih, Sri Hartini, Erna Sulistyawati *Analisis Hubungan Tingkat … 87
Imron, M., & Munif, A. (2010). Metodologi penelitian bidang kesehatan. Jakarta:
Sagung Seto.
James, S.R. & Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children : principles &
practice. Third edition. St. Louis : Saunders Elsevier.
Jovan. (2007). Hospitalisasi. http://jovandc.multiply.com. Diakses tanggal 12
Februari 2012
Jennet, J., & Peterson, K. (2002). Stress and young children.
http://www.athealth.com/consumer/disorders/childstress.html Diakses tanggal 20
April 2012.
Kazemi, S., Ghazimoghaddam, K., Besharat, S., Kashani, L. (2012). Music and
anxiety in hospitalized children. Journal of Clinical and diagnostic
reseach. Vol 6(1), 94-96.
Kit-Fong, K.W. (2008). The impact on families with hospitalized children
development of a hospitalization impact and coping scale on families
(HICS). Thesis. School of Nursing. The Hongkong Polytechnic
University.
Kristenson, I., Shields,L., O’Challaghan,M. (2003). An examination of the needs
of parents of hospitalized children: comparing parents’ and staff’s
perceptions. Scand J Caring Sci. 17,176–184
Kozier, B., (2005). Fundamental Nursing, concepts, process and practice. USA:
Philadelpia
Mahnaz, S., Heidari, S., Salemi, S., Rahmani, M., Shoghi, M. (2009).Nursing
support for parents of hospitalized children. Issues in Comprehensive
Pediatric Nursing, 32,120–130
Mariyam, Kurniawan A. (2008). Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan
Tingkat Kecemasan Orang Tua Terkait Hospitalisasi Anak di BRSD RAA
Soewondo Pati, Jurnal Keperawatan FIKKES, Vol. 1 No. 2. 38-56
Morris, J. (2003). When child is hospitalized: tips and resources for parent.
Vanderbit Kennedy Center. http:www.kc@vanderbilt.edu. Diakses
tanggal 25
Potter, P.A., &Perry, A.G., (2005). Fundamental of nursing. Eight edition,
Mosby: Evolve elsevier.
Pressley, T. (2011). An overview of separation phenomenom and the experience
of hospitalization for children. Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry. 37-42.
Romaniuk, D.K. (2010). Congcruency between parents actual and desired
participation in the care of their hospitalized child. Thesis. McMaster
University.
Rudolph. (2003). Rudolph’s pediatric first edition. The Mc. Graw, Hill
Companies.
Salmela M., Salantera S. & Aronen E.T. (2010a). Coping with hospital related
fears: experiences of pre-school-aged children. Journal Of Advanced
Nursing 66 (6), 1222–1231.
Salmela, M. (2010b). Hospital related fears and coping strategies in 4-6 year old
childrens. Dessertation. Medical Faculty of the University of Helsinki.
Small, L., Melnyk, B.M. & Arcoleo,, K.S. (2009). The effects of gender on the
coping outcomes of young children following an unanticipated critical
88 MOTORIK, VOL. 13 NOMOR 26, FEBRUARI 2018
care hospitalization. Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing. 14
(2),112-121.
Smit, E.M., Delpier, T., Tarantino, S.L., & Anderson, M.L. (2006). Caring for
adoptive families: lesson in communication. JournalPediatric Nursing.
32(2),136-143.
Sitanon, T. (2009). Thai parent’s experience of parenting preterm infants during
hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit. Dissertation. University of
Washington.
Stein, R.E.K., Zitner, L.E., and Jensen, P.S. (2008). Interventions for adolescent
depression in primary care. Official Juornal of The American Academy of
Pediatric.118,669-682
Supartini, Y. (2004). Buku ajar konsep dasar keperawatan anak. Jakarta: EGC.
Suriani & Faridah. (2009). Hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat
kecemasan hospitalisasi anak usia sekolah di ruamg perawatan anak
Paviliun DII & Paviliun V RS TNI AL Dr. Ramelan Kota Surabaya.
Jurnal Infokes Stikes Insan Unggul Surabaya. 1, 11-20.
Soetrisno, A.L. (2001). Peranan perempuan sebagai health provider dalam rumah
tangga. PPT.LIPI. http://jurnal.ppii.lipi.go.id. Diakses tanggal 3 juli 2012.
Theofanidis, D. (2006). Chronic illness in childhood: psychosocial adaptation and
nursing support for the child and family. Health Science
Journal.http://www.hsj.gr
Tomey, A.M. & Alligood, M.R. (2006). Nursing theorist and their work. Sixth
edition. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby Elsevier.
Wong, D.L., Hockenberry, Marylin J. (2007). Wong’s nursing care of infants and
children. St Louis, Missouri: Mosby Inc.
Ygge, M.B. (2004). Parental involvement in pediatric care implication for clinical
practice and quality of care. Dessertation, departement of public health
and caring sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Wahyunin, E. (2001). Perilaku si kecil berubah tatkala sakit.
http://nostalgia.tabloidnova.com. Diakses 2 Februari 2012
Zannah M, Agustina R, Marlinda E, (2015). Peran Orang Tua terhadap
Kecemasan Anak PAda Saat Pemasangan Infus di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
(IGD) RSUD Banjarbaru, DK, Vol 3 No. 2, 26 –33
Published
2018-03-31
Section
Articles
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