FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA  (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) DENGAN VARIASI  KONSENTRASI CARBOPOL DAN  PROPILENGLIKOL

Rahmi  Nurhaini; Nurul  Hidayati; Lisa Fidy Hapsari Hapsari

doi:10.61902/cerata.v9i2.124

Rahmi Nurhaini Program Studi DIII Farmasi, STIKes Muhammadiyah Klaten Indonesia
Nurul Hidayati Program Studi DIII Farmasi, STIKes Muhammadiyah Klaten Indonesia
Lisa Fidy Hapsari Hapsari Program Studi DIII Farmasi, STIKes Muhammadiyah Klaten Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61902/cerata.v9i2.124

Keywords: Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl), gel, carbopol, propylene glycol.

Abstract

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) was a plant that contains many chemical compounds one of which flavonoids. Flavonoids act as an antibacterial acne-causing Staphylococcus epidermidis. Acne can be overcome by using stocks that have good penetration one of which is a gel formulation. The purpose of experiment was to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of carbopol as a gelling agent and propylene glycol as a humectant to the physical properties of the gel and to know gel that produces the most excellent physical properties. This experiment uses ethanol extract of Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) as the active ingredient and made five formulas with various concentration Carbopol: propylene glycol is formula I (0.5%: 15%), formula II (0.875%: 13.75%), the formula III (1.25 %: 12.5%), the formula IV (1.625%: 11.25%) and formula V (2%: 10%). Fifth tested formula physical properties and analyzed by ANOVA with confidence level of 95%. The results showed carbopol increase the viscosity and adhesion while propylene glycol improve dispersive power. Formula II and III produces the most excellent physical properties, with a pH test between 4.5 to 6.5, viscosity test 150-200 dPas, 5-7 cm dispersive power test, adhesion > 1 sec and power tests there are no red stain protection. Statistical analysis LSD formula II and III showed no significant differences. Viscosity test and dispersive power indicates with p value of 0.000 (<0.005) and adhesion with p value of 0.007 (<0.05).

References

Astuti, Dhani Dwi. 2012. Formulasi sediaan gel ekstrak etanolik buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) dengan basis HPMC. Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Surakarta.

Betageri, G. & Prabhu, S. 2002. Semisolid Preparation, dalam Swarbrick, J. & Boyland, J, C. (Eds), Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, 2nd Ed, Vol 3. 2452-2456, Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York.
Charunia, D. 2009. Formulasi Salep Minyak Atsiri Rimpang Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana Val. Dan V. zilp.) dan Uji Aktivitas Candida Albicans In Vitro Menggunakan Basis PEG 4000 dan PEG 400. Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Surakarta.
Dalimartha, S. 2003. Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Jilid 3. Puspa Swara. Jakarta.
Draelos, Z. D., & Lauren A. Thaman. 2006. Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Product. Taylor and Francis group. New York.
Farage, M.A. 2009. Texbook of Anti Aging, Springer Science & Business Media. Berlin,pp. 933-934,937.
Harmanto, N. 2002. Mahkota Dewa: Obat Pusaka Para Dewa, cetakan 4. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta.
Hasyim, Nursiah, Faradiba,Agriany Baharuddin, A. 2011. Formulasi Gel Sari Buah Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi, L). Majalah Farmasi dan Farmakologi 15 (1) 5-9.
Irawan, Rio. 2016. Formulasi dan uji Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia, L) Dengan Gelling agent Carbopol 940. Skripsi.Universitas Sanata Dharma. Yogyakarta.
Melani, H.D., Purwanti,T. Soeratri, W. 2005. Korelasi Kadar Propilenglikol dalam Basis dan Pelepasan Dietilammonium Diklofenak dari Basis Gel Carbopol ETD 2020. Majalah Farmasi Aquadestlangga.5 (1).
Opstaria saptarini, Perawati, Yerri Hartanto. 2008. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri ekstrak etanol buah mahkota dewa (Phareria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis penyebab jerawat. Biomedika volume I.
Putri, Pembayun Putranti, 2012. Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Dengan Uji Sifat Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Staphyococcus epidermidis. Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Surakarta.
Robinson, T. 1995. Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tingkat Tinggi ,jilid 6. ITB. Bandung.
Rowe, R.C., Sheskey, P.J., Quinn M.E. 2009. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 6th Edition. London. Pharmaceutical Press. pp, 110-114, 441-445, 592-594, 754-755.
Sasanti, T.J., Wibowo, MS., Fidrianny, I. dan Caroline, S. 2012. Formulasi gel ekstrak air teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) dan penentuan aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. School of Pharmacy ITB. Bandung.
Sayuti, Nutrisia Aquariushinta. 2015. Formulasi dan Uji stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Ketapang Cina (Cassia alata L.) Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia. Surakarta.
Soeksmanto, A., Hapsari, Y. and Simanjutak, P. 2007. Kandungan Antioksidan Pada Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) (Thymelaceae). Jurnal Penelitian, 8 (2). 92-95.
Tunjungsari, Dila. 2012. Formulasi sediaan gel ekstrak etanol buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) dengan basis carbomer. Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Surakarta.
Ulaen, Selfie P.J., Banne, Yos Suatan Ririn A,. 2012. Pembuatan Salep Antijerawat dari Ekstrak Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb). Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 3 (2) : 45-49.
Voigt, Rudolf. 1994. Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, diterjemahkan oleh Dr. Soenandi Noerono. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Yogesthinaga Yohanes Wikan. 2016. Optimasi Gelling agent Carbopol dan Humektan Propilenglikol Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis). Skripsi. Universitas Sanata Dharma. Yogyakarta.
Zatz, J. L., Kushla, G. P., Lieberman, et al, H.A., Lachman, L., Scwatz, J. B. 1996. Pharmaceutical Dosage Form: Dysperse System. Vol.2, 2nd edition. Marcell Dekker Inc. New York.